Full outsourcing without own production facilities
Hong Kong IPO disclosure precedents · 91 companies, 91 items
The company owns no or minimal production facilities and outsources all or substantially all manufacturing (e.g. fabless semiconductor models) to third-party foundries, contract manufacturers or OSAT partners, with associated supply and pricing dependence.
We employ a fabless manufacturing strategy, allowing us to concentrate on the design and sales of semiconductor products and solutions while collaborating with world-leading suppliers for wafer fabrication, packaging, and testing.
Summary · p. 1
While we outsource both front-end and back-end manufacturing, as well as packaging processes, a majority of testing is conducted at our in-house final testing facilities to establish an effective product-test-feedback loop, with the rest of testing outsourced, mainly for our earliergeneration products.
Summary · p. 1
We believe our fabless business model reduces our capital requirements, operating expenses and time to market, allowing us to concentrate our resources on strengthening our core competencies in research and development, technological innovation, and product design.
We adopt a fabless business model, which means that we focus on IC design and research and development, while outsource the manufacturing of IC to external foundries and outsourced semiconductor assembly and test (“OSAT”) partners.
Summary · p. 1
As an IC design house adopting the fabless business model, we rely on third-party foundries for wafer fabrication and OSAT partners for testing and packaging.
Financial Information · p. 250
We generally enter into framework agreements with our major foundries and OSAT partners, with the actual price and volume specified in individual purchase orders.
Our cost of sales relating to our GPGPU products and AI computing solutions represented fees paid to contract manufacturers under our service agreements with them, which cover contract manufacturing services fees and costs of materials used in manufacturing our products on an integrated basis.
Summary · p. 9
As a fabless semiconductor company, we engage leading foundries to manufacture our GPGPU chips and co-packaged integrated circuits using advanced process nodes, utilizing our proprietary designs and specifications.
Business · p. 212
To mitigate supply risks and ensure stable supply of foundry manufacturing services, we have implemented comprehensive measures including: (i) maintaining relationships with multiple qualified suppliers for each key manufacturing step, with real-time monitoring access to foundry production systems;
We operate under a fabless model, and we engage third-party contract manufactures for manufacturing, assembly, testing and packaging of our semiconductor wafers and final products.
Summary · p. 1
We do not conduct the manufacturing of our GPGPU products, and we engage third-party contract manufacturers.
Business · p. 252
Our contract manufacturers must meet our specified quality requirements and are responsible for liabilities resulting from product defects.
As of the Latest Practicable Date, we did not have any plans to establish our own manufacturing facilities to support our pre-clinical and clinical studies.
Business · p. 297
We collaborate with CROs (including SMOs) and CDMOs (including CMOs) to conduct and support our preclinical and clinical studies in line with industry practice.
Business · p. 297
Our CDMO partners are responsible for manufacturing our required products in accordance with certain product specifications, in compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practice ("cGMP") requirements (where applicable), our quality standards and other applicable laws and regulations.
During the Track Record Period, while we are responsible for planning, formulating implementation plans and overseeing quality control for exploration and mining activities, all exploration and mining operations are entirely outsourced to subcontractors.
Summary · p. 5
During the Track Record Period, we engaged independent third party subcontractors in respect of our mining works.
Business · p. 165
For the same years/period, our total expenses for our mining activities were approximately RMB81.4 million, RMB99.2 million, RMB33.5 million and RMB40.1 million, respectively.
We engage automotive OEMs for the manufacturing of our vehicles and contract manufacturers for the production of most of our other products and components.
Business · p. 311
All vehicles delivered to customers bear the brand of the respective automotive OEM, with our logo either painted or affixed on the vehicle body.
Business · p. 314
Subcontracting is not allowed without our prior written authorization.
Instead, we provided the technology and production plan arrangements to third party manufacturers and outsourced the production to them.
Summary · p. 5
To optimize resources and maintain efficiency, certain construction tasks may be subcontracted to qualified secondary contractors, while we retain full responsibility for project management, quality assurance and timely delivery.
Business · p. 192
Since the commencement of production of our core products, namely large-scale, C&I ESS and residential ESS, our production has consistently relied on our in-house capacity as the primary support.
We operate with the fabless model, focusing on the R&D and design of chips while outsourcing wafer fabrication to external foundries and most packaging and testing to third-party packaging and testing service providers.
Summary · p. 1
In the six months ended June 30, 2025, in terms of quantity, the packaging and testing of our products conducted by this factory accounted for approximately 7% of total packaging and testing conducted for our products.
mechanical massage service, for which we procure massage equipment from suppliers, who are required to strictly follow our specifications, and deploy such massage equipment in various scenarios to offer mechanical massage services
Summary · p. 2
While our mechanical massage equipment and other products were manufactured by the third-party suppliers, we have established a small-scale processing and repair facility for conducting upgrades and repairment for our massage equipment that cannot be conducted onsite, so as to further lengthen the useful life and maximise the value of the massage equipment.
Business · p. 222
We have adopted a centralised procurement system for better assessment on the track record of suppliers, more effective quality control and more favourable terms due to bulk purchases.
We engage three independent qualified mapping data and surveying services suppliers in China to support our Level 4 autonomous driving algorithms and functions.
Business · p. 380
Therefore, we, as a foreign-invested company, have to outsource the mapping and surveying activities in connection with our Level 4 autonomous driving technology to qualified service providers with the requisite license in China, which is permitted by PRC law.
Business · p. 380
As of the Latest Practicable Date, our in-house designed vehicle domain controllers have been mass produced by our trusted manufacturing partners for both internal use and external sales.
Our business model focus on the R&D of our modules and solutions while outsourcing the manufacturing to professional third-party EMS providers.
Summary · p. 3
EMS providers (i) produce the hardware for our module products and solutions, (ii) program our self-developed software onto the hardware according to our specifications, (iii) arrange testing of finished products and deliver the finished products to us; and
Business · p. 197
We typically enter into framework agreement with a term of three years, which may be automatically renewed unless otherwise terminated by mutual agreement.
We currently outsource the production of our approved drug to industry recognized CDMOs in China. We believe it is cost-effective and efficient to engage CDMOs for manufacturing activities as it reduces the capital expenditure required for setting up and maintaining the necessary production lines, and allows us to focus on the clinical development of our pipeline drugs.
Business · p. 339
As of the Latest Practicable Date, we did not have any in-house manufacturing facilities.
Business · p. 340
We maintain rigorous quality control throughout our manufacturing process to ensure the production of safe and effective therapies.
We currently outsource the production of our drug candidates to an industry recognized CDMO in China, Intellective Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. (智享生物(蘇州)有限公司).
Business · p. 323
To monitor and evaluate the services of our CDMO partner, we have adopted internal control measures to ensure, among other criteria, full compliance of CDMO partner with the relevant regulatory requirements and our internal quality management system.
Business · p. 323
We believe it is cost-effective and efficient to engage CDMO for certain manufacturing activities as it reduces the capital expenditure required for setting up and maintaining the necessary production lines and allows us to optimize resource allocation to focus on the drug research and development at current stage.
We adopt the fabless model, focusing on the design and R&D of our products while outsourcing wafer fabrication, chip packaging and testing to trusted third-party partners.
Business · p. 151
During the Track Record Period, we primarily procured (i) foundry-manufactured wafers overseas, and (ii) chip packaging and testing services from companies in China.
Business · p. 162
As a fabless company, we collaborate with leading foundries and packaging and testing service providers for chip production.
We closed our self-operated factory in April 2022 and shifted to full outsourced production model, out of cost-effective consideration and also in line with industry trends towards supply chain specialization.
Business · p. 233
In 2022, 2023 and 2024, we had 92, 98 and 93 outsourced producers that we transacted with, respectively.
Business · p. 233
During the Track Record Period, we did not experience any material delay in supply or quality issue related to products supplied by outsourced producers.
As of the Latest Practicable Date, we had not established an internal manufacturing facility.
Business · p. 382
Collaborating with leading CMO and CDMO partners, we currently outsource the production of product candidates to support relevant clinical trials in the U.S., China and other relevant regions.
Business · p. 382
We engaged 93 and 86 CROs in 2023 and 2024, respectively.
To date, our manufacturing activities are conducted through contract development and manufacturing organizations ("CDMOs") to support our drug development process.
Business · p. 416
We have maintained a relationship with the majority of our six existing CDMOs for over three years.
Business · p. 416
We conduct quality assurance audit programs to ensure monitor and evaluate the services of our CDMOs.
As of June 30, 2024, we had six specialized partner factories in our network dedicated to the production of our products.
Business · p. 199
We reserve the right to take necessary measures to supervise the overall production process at the partner factories, including designation or approval of raw material procurement, production, quality control and logistics.
Business · p. 200
The partner factories are required not to compete with us directly or indirectly, including through cooperation with third parties.
We have third-party vendors who manufacture the hardware on which our products run.
Business · p. 353
We do not own or operate any manufacturing facilities.
Business · p. 353
We enter into purchase agreements which fix the pricing of the hardware (typically tablet computers) within the agreement period, and provide for payment terms and timetable, quality and warranty provisions, delivery and confidentiality, among other standard terms.