下游行业集中所致

港股IPO招股书披露先例 · 7 家公司,7 项

此类事项指客户集中并非源于公司自身经营问题,而是下游行业高度集中或市场结构所致,例如主要需求方为少数领先平台、整车厂、电信运营商或保险机构。申请人通常在风险因素、概要、业务及财务资料等章节按年列示前五大客户收入占比与构成,解释集中度系行业特性或行业普遍现象,并披露客户关系年期、独立第三方身份、客户多元化及市场拓展举措、留存率等资料,以说明收入波动的管理方式。

2026-09-22Application Proof
广东省广晟大宝山铜业股份有限公司Guangdong Rising Mineral-Rich Mountain Copper Co., Ltd.

往绩期间五大客户收入占比最高达58.5%

For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025 and the six months ended June 30, 2026, our five largest customers accounted for 56.9%, 50.9%, 47.5% and 58.5% of our total revenue, respectively, while our largest customer accounted for 23.7%, 19.7%, 17.1% and 17.8%, respectively.

Business · 第 126 页

To the best of our knowledge, during the Track Record Period and up to the Latest Practicable Date, except for Guangdong Rising Holdings and Guangsheng Nonferrous Metals Import & Export Co., Ltd., all of our major customers were Independent Third Parties.

Business · 第 128 页
公司的解释、律师意见及原文页码定位:在 Matters 中查看
2026-06-29Prospectus
厦门瑞为信息技术股份有限公司Reconova Technologies Co., Ltd.07656.HK

前五大客户收入占比最高达73.5%

Revenue generated from our five largest customers in each year during the Track Record Period accounted for 59.1%, 73.5% and 60.3% of our revenue for 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively.

Summary · 第 2 页

Due to the nature of our industry verticals and business models, which are not consumer-facing and involve a relatively limited pool of customers, our business has experienced a high degree of customer concentration, which is common across these sectors.

Business · 第 175 页

We continue to monitor and mitigate these risks through proactive customer relationship management, market and client diversification, and robust internal planning and forecasting processes to manage revenue fluctuations and ensure long-term operational stability.

Business · 第 175 页
公司的解释、律师意见及原文页码定位:在 Matters 中查看
2026-06-18Prospectus
白鸽在线(厦门)数字科技股份有限公司Baige Online Digital Technology Co., Ltd.02672.HK

前五大客户收入占比最高达77.2%

For each of the years ended December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025, the aggregate revenue generated from our five largest customers in each year during the Track Record Period amounted to RMB455.1 million, RMB706.2 million and RMB686.1 million respectively, representing 69.0%, 77.2% and 55.9% of our total revenue, respectively.

Summary · 第 9 页

This concentration of our major customers is mainly due to the fact that the insurance market in the PRC is highly concentrated, where the top 10 insurance providers in the PRC accounted for over 60% of the market share in 2023.

Business · 第 198 页

To diversify any potential risk of reliance on any customer accounting for significant percentage of revenue contributions, we are actively expanding our network of insurance company customers by deepening relationships with mid-sized and emerging insurance providers.

Business · 第 198 页
公司的解释、律师意见及原文页码定位:在 Matters 中查看
2026-05-29Application Proof
地上铁绿色科技(深圳)股份有限公司DST Sustainable Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.

往绩记录期间前五大客户收入占比32%至40.8%

For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2024 and 2025, our top five customers accounted for 40.8%, 32.9%, and 32.0% of our total revenue, respectively.

Summary · 第 4 页

The duration of our relationship with each of the top five customers ranges from 2 to 10 years.

Business · 第 132 页

Our Net Dollar Retention reached 132.8% in 2024 and 134.2% in 2025, evidencing the durability of our customer relationships.

Business · 第 131 页
公司的解释、律师意见及原文页码定位:在 Matters 中查看
2026-05-26Prospectus
北京首钢朗泽科技股份有限公司BEIJING SHOUGANG LANZATECH TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.02553.HK

前五大客户收入占比介乎78.9%至86.0%

Revenue generated from our five largest customers for each year during the Track Record Period accounted for 86.0%, 78.9% and 83.8% of our total revenue for the respective year.

Summary · 第 4 页

To mitigate the risks associated with customer concentration, we are actively exploring opportunities in emerging markets and diversifying our customer base.

Business · 第 140 页
公司的解释、律师意见及原文页码定位:在 Matters 中查看
2026-04-27Application Proof

往绩期间前五大客户收入占比81%至87%

In 2023, 2024 and 2025, revenues attributable to our top five largest customers in aggregate amounted to Rp2,520,417 million, Rp2,641,741 million and Rp3,105,655 million, respectively, accounting for 86.7%, 81.6% and 81.0% of our total revenue, respectively.

Summary · 第 3 页

Such customer concentration is primarily attributable to the nature of the drama series production and content licensing industry, in which a limited number of leading online video platforms and major TV broadcasters account for a significant portion of market demand.

Business · 第 160 页

To the best of our knowledge, except for MNC Group as disclosed above, during the Track Record Period and up to the Latest Practicable Date, our top five customers were independent third parties.

Business · 第 153 页
公司的解释、律师意见及原文页码定位:在 Matters 中查看
2026-03-30Application Proof
昆山万源通电子科技股份有限公司Kunshan Wanyuantong Electronics Technology Co., Ltd.

大型OEM及Tier-1客户占收入重要份额

Our customer structure is consistent with industry norms, where large OEMs and Tier-1 manufacturers account for a meaningful share of revenue due to long qualification cycles, high technical requirements and stable, recurring orders.

Business · 第 155 页

We believe that our level of customer concentration does not reflect undue reliance, given the breadth of our product applications and the diversity of our customer base across multiple industries and regions.

Business · 第 155 页

The following tables set forth our top five customers during the Track Record Period.

Business · 第 156 页
公司的解释、律师意见及原文页码定位:在 Matters 中查看

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